# range voting

Range voting Warren D. Smith

Range voting is a single-winner voting system in which each vote consists of one numerical score from 0 to U awarded to each candidate, where U is some positive number. In single-digit range voting U is 9, while two-digit range voting has U=99. (One could also consider permitting the interval to be, e.g. $[-10,10]$.) The candidate with the highest average score wins. In a common variant, “X” scores also are permitted for candidates (meaning:“I wish to express no opinion about this candidate”). For example (46,0,32,99) could be one vote in a 4-candidate two-digit range voting election; advise 99/0 for best/worst.

Approval voting [1] is the degenerate form of range voting in which there are only two allowed scores: 0 and 1.

## References

• 1 S.J. Brams & P. Fishburn: Approval voting, Birkhauser 1983.
Title range voting RangeVoting 2013-03-22 16:10:00 2013-03-22 16:10:00 Mathprof (13753) Mathprof (13753) 51 Mathprof (13753) Topic msc 91F10 approval voting single-digit range voting two-digit range voting